EFFECT OF CULTURE PARAMETERS ON PROTEASE AND CELLULASE PRODUCTION BY TWO BACTERIAL STRAINS, Corynebacterium alkanolyticum ATH3 AND Bacillus licheniformis CBH7 ISOLATED FROM FISH GUT
Downloads
Microbial protease and cellulase are in high demand by different industries due to their minimal cost and availability. This study was aimed to maximize the production of protease and cellulase using two bacteria, Corynebacterium alkanolyticum ATH3 and Bacillus licheniformis CBH7, isolated from fish gut. This study demonstrated the effect of different culture parameters in protease and cellulase production using two different bacterial strains. Results of this study clearly indicated the importance of different parameters such as moisture content, pH, incubation temperature, incubation period, inoculum size, carbon sources and nitrogen sources in enzyme production. The most critical parameters affecting the enzymes production were pH, temperature, carbon and nitrogen sources. Further investigations are required to enhance the enzymes production using genetic engineering.
Agarwal T, Saxena MK, Chandrawat MPS. 2014. Production and optimization of cellulase enzyme by Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 4643 using sawdust as a substrate. Int J Sci Res 4:1–3.
Aiba S, Humphrey AE, Millis NF. 1973. Biochemical engineering, 2nd Edition. New York (US): Academic Press. p. 92–127.
Banerjee G, Ray AK, Askarian F, Ringø E. 2013. Characterization and identification of enzyme-producing autochthonous bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract of two Indian air-breathing fish. Benef Microbes 4:277–284.
Banerjee G, Dan SK, Nandi A, Ghosh P, Ray AK. 2015a. Autochthonous gut bacteria in two Indian air-breathing fish, climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) and walking catfish (Clarias batrachus): mode of association, identification and enzyme-producing ability. Pol J Microbiol 64:371–378.
Banerjee G, Mukherjee S, Bhattacharya S, Ray AK. 2015b. Purification and characterization of extracellular protease and amylase produced by the bacterial strain Corynebacterium alkanolyticum ATH3 isolated from fish gut. Arab J Sci Eng 41:9–16.
Banerjee G, Ray AK. 2013. Characterization and identification of protease and amylase-producing bacteria isolated from gastrointestinal tract of climbing perch, Anabas testudineus. Decan Curr Sci 9:150–159.
Banerjee G, Ray AK. 2016. Bacterial symbiosis in the fish gut and its role in health and metabolism. Symbiosis 72:1–11.
Barr BK, Hsieh Y-L, Ganem B, Wilson DB. 1996. Identification of two functionally different classes of exocellulases. Biochem 35:586–592.
Beg KB, Gupta R. 2003. Purification and characterization of an oxidation-stable, thiol-dependent serine alkaline protease from Bacillus mojavensis. Microb Technol 32:294–304.
Denison DA, Kohen RD. 1977. Cellulase activity of Poronia oedipus. Mycologia 69:592–601.
Duncan DB. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F-test. Biometrics 11:1–42.
Esakkiraj PG, Immanuel S, Sowmya M, Iyapparaj P, Palavesam A. 2007. Evaluations of protease-producing ability of fish gut isolate for Bacillus cereus aqua feed. Food Bioprocess Technol 2:383–390.
Fagade OE, Bamigboye OO. 2012. Effect of cultural conditions on the cellulase activity of bacterial species isolated from degrading corn cob. Arch Appl Sci Res 4:2540–2545.
Goodenough S, Goodenough P. 1993. Who needs cellulase? J Biol Educ 27:97–102.
Goyal V, Mittal A, Bhuwal AK, Singh G, Yadav A, Aggarwal NK. 2014. Parametric optimization of cultural conditions for carboxymethyl cellulase production using pretreated rice straw by Bacillus sp. 313SI under stationary and shaking conditions. Biotechnol Res Int 2014:651839. DOI:10.1155/2014/651839
Gupta R, Beeg KB, Loranz P. 2002. Bacterial alkaline proteases: molecular approaches and industrial applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 59:15–32.
He S, Liang X-F, Li L, Sun J, Wen Z-Y, Cheng X-Y, … Yuan X-C. 2015. Transcriptome analysis of food habit transition from carnivory to herbivory in a typical vertebrate herbivore, grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). BMC Genomics 16:15. DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1217-x
Hunt GR, Stieber RW. 1986. Inoculum development. In: Demain AL, Solomon NA, editors. Manual of industrial microbiology and biotechnology. Washington DC (US): American Society of Microbiology.
Juhász T, Szengyel Z, Reczey K, Siika-Aho M, Viikari L. 2005. Characterization of cellulases and hemicellulases produced by Trichoderma reesei on various carbon sources. Process Biochem 40:3519–3525.
Lincoln RE. 1960. Control of stock culture preservation and inoculum build-up in bacterial fermentations. J Biochem Microbiol Technol 2:481–500.
Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193:265–275.
Lugani Y, Singla R, Sooch BS. 2015. Optimization of cellulase production by newly isolated Bacillus sp. Y3. J Bioprocess Biotech 5:264. DOI: 10.4172/2155-9821.1000264
Meyrath J, Suchanek G. 1972. Inoculation techniques – effects due to quality and quantity of inoculum. In: Norris JR, Ribbons DW, editors. Methods in Microbiology. London (UK): Academic Press. p. 159–209.
Morikawa Y, Ohashi T, Mantani O, Okada H. 1995. Cellulase induction by lactose in Trichoderma reesei PC-3-7. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 44:106–111.
Nisha NS, Divakaran J. 2014. Optimization parameters for alkaline protease production by bacterial isolates from different coastal regions of Tamil Nadu, India. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 3:500–505.
Pant G, Prakash A, Pavani JVP, Bera S, Deviram GVNS, Kumar A, … Prasuna RG. 2015. Production, optimization and partial purification of protease from Bacillus subtilis. J Taibah Univ Sci 9:50–55.
Pastor MD, Lorda GS, Balatti A. 2001. Protease production using 3411 and amaranth seed meal Bacillus subtilis medium at different aeration rates. Braz J Microbiol 32:6–9.
Rajoka MI, Malik KA. 1997. Cellulase production by Cellulomonas biazotea cultured in media containing different cellulosic substrates. Bioresour Technol 59:21–27.
Rajoka MI. 2004. Influence of various fermentation variables on exo-glucanase production in Cellulomonas flavigena. Electron J Biotechnol 7:256–263.
Rao BM, Tanksale MA, Ghatge SM, Deshpande VV. 1998. Molecular and biotechnological aspects of microbial proteases. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 62:597–635.
Rasul F, Afroz A, Rashid U, Mehmood S, Sughra K, Zeeshan N. 2015. Screening and characterization of cellulase-producing bacteria from soil and waste (molasses) sugar industry. Int J Biosci 6:230–238.
Ray AK, Bairagi A, Sarkar GK, Sen SK. 2007. Optimization of fermentation conditions for cellulase production by Bacillus subtilis CY5 and Bacillus circulans TP3 isolated from fish gut. Acta Ichthyol et Piscat 37:47–53.
Ray AK, Ghosh K, Ringø E. 2012a. Enzyme-producing bacteria isolated from fish gut: a review. Aquacult Nutr 18:465–492.
Ray AK, Mondal S, Roy T. 2012b. Optimization of culture conditions for production of protease by two bacterial strains, BF2 and Bacillus licheniformis BH4, isolated from the digestive tract of bata (Labeo bata). Proc Zool Soc 65:33–39.
Ringø E, Zhou E, Olsen RE, Song SK. 2012. Use of chitin and krill in aquaculture – the effect on gut microbiota and the immune system: a review. Aquacult Nutr 18:117–131.
Roy T, Mondal S, Ray SK. 2009. Phytase-producing bacteria in the digestive tract of some freshwater fish. Aquacult Res 40:344–353.
Saddler JN. 1993. Bioconversion of forest and agricultural plant residues. Biotechnol Agricult 9:349.
Saha S, Roy RN, Sen SK, Ray AK. 2006. Characterization of cellulase-producing bacteria from the digestive tract of tilapia (P) and grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Aquacult Res 37:380–388.
Sethi S, Datta A, Gupta BL, Gupta S. 2013. Optimization of cellulase production from bacteria isolated from soil. ISRN Biotechnol 2013:985685. DOI: 10.5402/2013/985685
Shafee N, Norariatis AS, Zaliha ARN, Basri M. 2005. Optimization of environmental and nutritional conditions for the production of alkaline protease by a newly isolated bacterium strain Bacillus cereus 146. J Appl Sci Res 1:1–8.
Singh J, Kaur P. 2012. Optimization of process parameters for cellulase production from Bacillus sp. Js14 in solid substrate fermentation using response surface methodology. Braz Arch Biol Technol 55:505–512.
Spiridonov NA, Wilson DB. 1998. Regulation of biosynthesis of individual cellulases in Thermomonospora fusca. J Bacteriol 180:3529–3532.
Suganthi C, Mageswari A, Karthikeyan S, Anbalagan M, Sivakumar A, Gothandam KM. 2013. Screening and optimization of protease production from a halotolerant Bacillus licheniformis isolated from saltern sediment. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 11:47–52.
Vijayaraghavan P, Lazarus S, Vincent SGP. 2014. De-hairing protease production by an isolated Bacillus cereus strain AT under solid-state fermentation using cow dung: biosynthesis and properties. Saudi J Biol Sci 21:27–34.
Walter HE. 1984. Methods of enzymatic analysis. Weinheim (DE): Verlag Chemie. p. 238.
Copyright (c) 2018 BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree with the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication, with the work 1 year after publication simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons attribution-noncommerical-noderivates 4.0 International License that allows others to share, copy and redistribute the work in any medium or format, but only where the use is for non-commercial purposes and an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal is mentioned.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
