POTENCY OF RHIZOSPHERE BACTERIA TO PROMOTE RICE GROWTH UNDER SALINE CONDITION
Downloads
Saline soil is a common problem in coastal paddy field, especially in Indonesia. Salinity affects rice growth and the activities of soil functional microbes, including functional bacteria, which play roles in plant growth. Some of these microbes are associated with rice plants and are able to survive under saline condition. The presence of functional microbes is also important to improve soil quality. Nitrogen and phosphate are essential soil nutrients and is available in soil due to the activities of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and free-living plant-associated bacteria. The objective of the present study was to obtain nitrogen-fixing, phosphate solubilizing and Indole Acetic Acid  (IAA)-producing bacteria that are able to survive and promote the growth of rice under saline conditions. From rice and peanut rhizosphere, Ca-phosphate (Ca-P) solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were isolated separately using specific media. Then, the Ca-P solubilizing ability, phosphomonoesterase activity and IAA-producing ability were quantitatively examined. Based on the abilities, 20 strains were selected and identified as Burkholderia cepacia-complex, Burkholderia anthina, Burkholderia cenocepacia, Bacillus cereus-complex (three strains), Achromobacter spanius, Azospirillum sp. (four strains), Azotobacter sp. (three strains), Rhizobium leguminosarum, Rhizobium sp. (two strains), and Pseudomonas sp. (three strains). The inoculation of several single strains or the mixture of the selected strains promoted the growth of rice under saline conditions. These inoculants could be potential as biofertilizer in saline paddy fields.
Aquilanti LFF, Clementi F. 2004. Comparison of different strategies for isolation and preliminary identification of Azotobacter from soil samples. Soil Biol Biochem 36(9):1475–83.
Ashraf M, Harris PJC. 2004. Potential biochemical indicators of salinity tolerance in plants. Plant Sci 166(1):3–16.
Balser TC, McMahon KD, Bart D, Bronson D, Coyle DR, Craig N, Flores-Mangual ML, Forshay K, Jones SE, Kent AE, Shade AL. 2006. Bridging the gap between micro and macro-scale perspectives on the role of microbial communities in global change ecology. Plant Soil 289:59–70.
Banig AE, Aly EA, Khaled AA, Amel KA. 2008. Isolation, characterization and application of bacterial population from agricultural soil at Sohag Province, Egypt. Malays J Microbiol 4(2):42–50.
Bhattacharjee R, Dey U. 2014. Biofertilizer a way towards organic agriculture: a review. Afr J Microbiol Res 8(24):2332–42.
Bhattacharyya PN, Jha DK. 2012. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): Emergence in agriculture. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 28:1327–50.
Cerabolini B, Andreis DR, Ceriani RM, Pierce S, Raimondi B. 2004. Seed germination and conservation of endangered species from the Italian Alps: Physoplexis comosa and Primula glaucescens. Biol Conserv 117(3):351–6.
Chen YP, Rekha PD, Arun AB, Shen FT, Lai WA, Young CC. 2006. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria from subtropical soil and their tricalcium phosphate solubilizing abilities. Appl Soil Ecol 34(1):33–41.
Chien CT, Maundu J, Cavaness J, Dandurand LM, Orser CS. 1992. Characterization of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive mutants of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae strain C1204b. FEMS Microbiol Lett 169(2):135–40.
Crozier A, Arruda P, Monteiro AM, Sandberg G. 1988. Analysis of indole-3-acetic acid and related indoles in culture medium from Azospirillum lipoferum and Azospirillum brasilense. Appl Environ Microbiol 54(11):2833–7.
Djufry F, Sudarsono A, Lestari MS. 2011. Tingkat toleransi beberapa galur harapan padi pada kondisi salinitas di lahan rawa pasang surut. J Agrivigor 10(2):196–207.
Gravel V, Antoun H, Tweddell RJ. 2007. Growth stimulation and fruit yield improvement of greenhouse tomato plants by inoculation with Pseudomonas putida or Trichoderma atroviride: Possible role of indole acetic acid (IAA). Soil Biol Biochem 39:1968–77.
Hasan HAH. 2002. Gibberellin and auxin-indole production by plant root-fungi and their biosynthesis under salinity-calcium interaction. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 49(1):105–18.
Lugtenberg B, Malfanova N, Kamilova F, Berg G. 2013. Plant growth promotion by microbes. In: Bruijn FJ de (editor). Molecular Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere. Hoboken (US): Wiley-Blackwell. p. 561–73.
Mubarik NR, Imas T, Wahyudi AT, Triadiati, Suharyanto, Widiastuti H. 2011. The use of acid aluminium-tolerant Bradyrhizobium japonicum formula for soybean grown on field acid soil. World Acad Sci Eng Technol 53:879–82.
Nakbanpote W, Panitlurtumpai N, Sangdee A, Sakulpone N, Sirisom P, Pimthong A. 2014. Salt tolerant and plant growth-promoting bacteria isolated from Zn/Cd contaminated soil: Identification and effect on rice under saline conditions. J Plant Interact 9(1):379–87.
Nguyen C, Yan W, Tacon FL, Lapeyrie F. 1992. Genetic variability of phosphate solubilizing activity by monocaryotic and dicaryotic mycelia of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor. Plant Soil 3:193–9.
Nosrati R, Owlia P, Saderi H, Rasooli I, Malboobi MA. 2014. Phosphate solubilization characteristics of efficient nitrogen fixing soil Azotobacter strains: A contribution to set a legal framework for biofertilisers. Iran J Microbiol 6(4):285–95.
Otsuka S, Sudiana IM, Komori A, Isobe K, Deguchi S, Nishiyama M, Senoo K. 2008. Community structure of soil bacteria in a tropical rainforest several years after fire. Microbes Environ 23:49–56.
Park J, Bolan N, Mallavarapu M, Naidu R. 2011. Isolation of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their potential for lead immobilization in soil. J Hazard Mater 185(2–3):829–36.
Pliego C, Kamilova F, Lugtenberg B. 2011. Plant growth-promoting bacteria: Fundamentals and exploitation. In: Maheshwari DK (editor). Bacteria in Agrobiology: Crop Ecosystems. Heidelberg (DE): Springer-Verlag. p. 295–343.
Rao S. 1994. Mikroorganisme Tanah dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman. Edisi 2. Jakarta (ID): UI Press. 353 p.
Rowell DL. 1994. Soil Science: Methods and Application. Harlow, Essex (UK): Longman Group. 350 p.
Salamone de IEG, Funes JM, Salvo Di LP, Escobar-Ortega JS, Auria L, Ferrando FD, Scavino F. 2012. Inoculation of paddy rice with Azospirillum brasilense and Pseudomonas fluorescens: Impact of plant genotypes on rhizosphere microbial communities and field crop production. Appl Soil Ecol 61:196–204.
Siddikee MA, Tipayno SC, Kim K, Chung JB, Sa T. 2011. Influence of varying degree of salinity-sodicity stress on enzyme activities and bacterial populations of coastal soils of Yellow Sea, South Korea. J Microbiol Biotechnol 21(4):341–6.
Steenhoudt O, Vanderleyden J. 2000. Azospirillum, a free-living nitrogen-fixing bacterium closely associated with grasses: Genetic, biochemical and ecological aspects. FEMS Microbiol Rev 24:487–506.
Susilowati DN, Sudiana IM, Mubarik NR, Suwanto A. 2015. Species and functional diversity of rhizobacteria of rice plant in the coastal soils of Indonesia. Indones J Agric Sci 16(1):39–50.
Tabatabai MA, Bremner JM. 1969. Use of p-nitrophenyl phosphate for assay of soil phosphate activity. Soil Biol Biochem 1:301–7.
Vassileva M, Azcon R, Barea JM, Vassilev N. 2000. Rock phosphate solubilization by free and encapsulated cells of Yarowia lipolytica. Process Biochem 35(7):693–7.
Wijebandara DM, Iranie D, Dasog GS, Patil PL, Hebbar M. 2009. Response of rice to nutrients and biofertilizers under conventional and system of rice intensification methods of cultivation in Tungabhadra command of Karnataka. Karnataka J Agric Sci 22(4):741–50.
Xin G, Glawe D, Doty SL. 2009. Characterization of three endophytic, indole-3-acetic acid-producing yeasts occurring in Populus trees. Mycol Res 113(9):973–80.
Zaller JG. 2007. Vermicompost as a substitute for peat in potting media: Effects on germination, biomass allocation, yields and fruit quality of three tomato varieties. Sci Hort 112(2):191–9.
Copyright (c) 2017 BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree with the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication, with the work 1 year after publication simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons attribution-noncommerical-noderivates 4.0 International License that allows others to share, copy and redistribute the work in any medium or format, but only where the use is for non-commercial purposes and an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal is mentioned.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
